Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) expressing tumors are one of the rarest pituitary adenomas and comprises 0.5–2% of all cases. To our knowledge, only four cases of thyrotropinoma in a pregnant women have been reported up to date.Case presentation: We present a case of 24-year old women who reported to gynecologist due to secondary amenorrhea and severe headaches. Commissioned laboratory test showed, among others, prolactin 31.0 ng/ml a...

The treatment of orbitopathy in the course of Graves’ disease (GO, Graves’ Orbitopathy) still remains a serious therapeutic challenge. Modification of risk factors is considered to be the most important and the most effective method of treatment of benign GO. Treatment with intravenous glucocorticosteroid preparations remains the first-line therapy for moderate- to severe GO but is insufficient in some patients. Radiotherapy has been used in active GO therapy for d...

Introduction: Studies suggest that disturbed thyroid hormones (TH) homeostasis may lead to increased cancer risk. However, the exact role of TH in cancerogenesis is unknown. We have previously identified 15 genes linked with TH signaling in 7 cancer types and 10.967 cancer patients. Here, we investigated the influence of hypothyroidism on the expression of these 15 genes in rat tissues/organs from which the previously identified, TH-related cancer types originate.<p class=...

Whereas oxidative reactions occur in all tissues and organs, the thyroid gland constitutes such an organ, in which oxidative processes are indispensable for physiological functions. Thus, with additional oxidative abuse caused by several factors, increased oxidative damage to macromolecules may occur in the thyroid. In turn, numerous metabolic reactions occurring in the liver create favourable conditions for huge oxidative stress.Melatonin is a well-know...

Currently, there is increasing evidence that various chemicals introduced in the environment have the potential to cause damage to endocrine system, which regulates reproductive processes. Iron has various effects on reproductive endocrinology and it can also cause or contribute to hormonal disruption and to interfere with the key enzymes involved in steroid synthesis. The target of this in vitro study was to determine the effects of iron (FeSO4·7H<sub...

In the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR), hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH) generates an NADPH/ NADP ratio sufficient to drive 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1)-mediated glucocorticoid (GC) activation (11-DHC to corticosterone). In H6PDH knockout (H6PDKO) mice a reduced NADPH/NADP ratio leads to reversed 11β-HSD1 activity (corticosterone to 11-DHC), and GC insensitivity. They also display skeletal myopathy driven by activation of the un...

A 66-year-old HIV positive male presented to gastroeneterologist with a 2 months history of severe fatigue, weight loss, dizziness and nausea. He had background of ulcerative colitis which was quiescent and he has not received steroids for more than 12 months. Baseline blood results revealed normal biochemistry with mild normocytic anaemia, neutropaenia and lymphopaenia. As there was a high clinical suspicion of adrenal insufficiency, the short synacthen test was performed whi...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder with a pathogenesis in which hormonal and metabolic disturbances have been considered. There is evidence of a familial aggregation of hormonal and metabolic abnormalities in siblings of PCOS women. Some of the female relatives fulfill the diagnostic criteria of PCOS. Premature balding in the age of <30 has been proposed as the male phenotype in PCOS families.The aim of the study was to determi...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Hormonal disturbances, metabolic disorders, and more recently, chronic inflammation have been considered in pathogenesis of PCOS. One of the determinants of inflammation investigated in terms of insulin resistance (IR) is paraoxonase 1 (PON1).Aim: To evaluate PCOS patients for the existence of chronic inflammation and to assess the relationship among PON1 polymorphism...

Hyponatraemia is the commonest electrolyte abnormality observed in clinical practise. It is a potential cause of substantial morbidity and mortality. Drug history, fluid volume status in addition to serum and urine biochemistry is essential for optimal management.We report a case of a 50-year-old female with known psychosis admitted to the Mental Health Unit and treated with Citalopram, Mirtazepine, Risperidone, Clonazepam and Procyclidine. Admission pla...